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About 3 g

The recommended recipe for oral rehydration solution calls for adding about 3 g of salt (sodium chloride) to 1 liter of water. Too little or too much salt can strain the body, so 3 g is appropriate. Since one teaspoon is equivalent to 5 g, this would be a little less than half a teaspoon. Measuring spoons that can measure from 1 g are now available for purchase, so having one might be convenient.

About 1–2 liters or more

Even at rest, adults sweat about 1 to 2 liters or more per day. During exercise or in high temperatures, the amount increases and can exceed 3 liters. By the way, sweat often evaporates without you noticing, so please be mindful of that.

the family living room

Heatstroke does not occur only outdoors under the blazing sun; in fact, many cases happen indoors, such as in living rooms at home. This is especially true for older adults, who often develop heatstroke by spending time in hot rooms without using air conditioning, so caution is necessary. People may think they’re safe as long as they’re not outside and neglect to hydrate, or they avoid using cooling appliances out of concern for electricity costs—both of which contribute to the problem.

dizziness

The most noticeable early symptom of heatstroke is dizziness. It often appears as lightheadedness or unsteadiness, making it easy to recognize yourself. Other symptoms may also occur, but dizziness is a particularly typical sign. If you notice this or any other symptom and think, “Hmm, something feels off,” move immediately to the shade or a cool place, hydrate, and rest.

They are conscious and able to respond.

If heat illness is suspected, you may first have the person rest in a cool place and monitor their condition only if they are conscious, able to respond appropriately, and can drink fluids on their own. If there is impaired consciousness or no response to verbal prompts, call an ambulance immediately.

Force them to drink water even if they are unconscious

Forcing an unconscious person to drink water is extremely dangerous because it can accidentally enter the airway. First, check whether the person is conscious. If they are unconscious, do not try to give them fluids and call an ambulance immediately. Instead, provide assistance such as staying by their side, loosening tight clothing like buttons or belts, and helping to cool their body.

Stay well-hydrated by drinking water regularly.

For heatstroke prevention, frequent hydration is very important. By drinking fluids before you feel thirsty, you can prevent dehydration. While long sleeves and long pants can be appropriate in some cases, breathable clothing is suitable in hot environments. Also, instead of gulping down cold water all at once, it’s more effective to drink small amounts gradually.