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[Beginner’s Guide] Japanese Traditional Performing Arts — Introducing Masterpieces of Rōkyoku [Naniwabushi]

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Started working as a music writer as a side job while employed at a record shop, and for over 18 years I’ve contributed to music magazines, disc guide books, mooks, and web media. As a writer my main field is Western music, but as a listener for over 35 years, I always try to keep my curiosity alive with the motto “I like what I like.” I have experience playing in bands, where I was a bassist who handled songwriting and composition. Instruments I’ve played include bass, guitar, and piano. I began studying English in my mid-40s and continue to do so today.

Rōkyoku, a traditional Japanese performing art dating back to the Edo period and also known as Naniwabushi, is a distinctive narrative art in which tales of human emotions and historical stories are conveyed with rich feeling, set to the accompaniment of the percussive shamisen.

A single storyteller—called a rōkyokushi—portrays multiple characters, skillfully interweaving song and spoken narration to unfold the story.

The repertoire is remarkably diverse, ranging from duty-and-humanity pieces depicting the joys and sorrows of common folk to period dramas featuring historical heroes.

In recent years, young rōkyoku performers have been gaining prominence, actively embracing contemporary interpretations and staging new works.

For those intrigued by rōkyoku, we introduce some representative pieces here.

We hope you enjoy this article, which also serves as a perfect introduction.

[Beginner’s Guide] Japanese Traditional Performing Arts: Introducing Masterpieces of Rōkyoku [Naniwabushi] (11–20)

Tawara-boshi GenbaMayama Ichirō

Ichirō Mayama (First Generation) - Tawara-boshi Genba

Tawara-boshi GenbaMayama Ichirō

Celebrated as a masterpiece of narrative kayō-rokkyoku set in the world of Chūshingura, this work released by Haruo Minami in 1964 tells the story of the Genroku-era hero Genba Tawara in the classic 7-5 rhythm.

Its appeal lies in the structure that interweaves the distinctive spoken narration and singing of rōkyoku, richly portraying the spear master Genba Tawara as he rushes to aid the Akō rōnin.

The spoken interludes between verses are light yet soulful, naturally drawing listeners into the world of the tale.

Conveying the way of life of samurai who prize duty and human bonds, as well as the fervent camaraderie among comrades, this piece lets one fully savor the allure of long-form kayō-rokkyoku as a performing art.

It is a work I can recommend to those who wish to experience Japan’s traditional performing arts or who enjoy the atmosphere of period dramas.

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In conclusion

Rōkyoku, also known as Naniwabushi, remains deeply rooted in our hearts as a traditional Japanese performing art woven from the narrator’s words and the timbre of the shamisen.

Its distinctive melodic phrasing and storytelling world transcend time, moving people and inspiring audiences of all ages.

This wonderful cultural heritage is something we should cherish and continue to pass down for generations to come.